Analysis of Waikelo Port Breakwater Failure through 2D Wave Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.civense.2018.00102.6Keywords:
Waikelo port, breakwater failure, extreme event, 2D wave modelAbstract
Waikelo Port is located in South West Sumba of East Nusa Tenggara. The port facilities are protected by breakwater with a vertical wall construction and it was built in a relatively deep ocean at -15m of Low Water Sea Level (LWS). On 21 of January 2012, an earthquake with magnitude of 6.3 Richter scale occurred around Sumba Island and it caused cracking in the concrete wall of breakwater. Then, 4 days after on 25 st January 2012, a heavy wind of 20-23 knots generated a high wave around 4.0-5.0m in Sumba strait. These high waves caused a critical damage on the west part of the breakwater. The damage of port facilities were getting worse when a storm called Lua hit on March 2012. This study was conducted to observe the effect of the extreme event in the failure of breakwater. The result of two-dimensional (2D) wave model shows that the wave heights in the area of breakwater are varied 3.80 to 4.0m. It is quite greater than the wave design of 50 years return period (= 2.00m) which was used in breakwater design and calculation. This observable fact confirms that the failure of breakwater was caused by the continuous extreme events that exceed the design criteria
References
Oumeraci H., 1994. Review and analysis of vertical breakwater failures - lessons learned, Coastal Engineering 22, pp 3-29
Goda Y., 1985. Random Seas and Design of Maritime Structure (University of Tokyo Press)
Mase H., 2001. Multidirectional random wave transformation model based on energy balance equation, J. Coastal Engineering 43(4), pp 317-337
Mase H., Amamori H. and T. Takayama T., 2005a. Wave prediction model in wave-current coexisting field, Proc. 12th Canadian Coastal Conference
Mase H., Oki K., Hedges T. S., Li H. J. and Morkoc H., 2005b. Extended energy-balance-equation wave model for multidirectional random wave transformation, Ocean Engineering 32 (8-9), pp 961-985
Dean R. G. and Dalrymple R. A., 1984. Water Wave Mechanics for Engineers and Scientists Englewood Cliffs (Prentice-Hall, Inc)
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Civil and Environmental Science Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See the Effect of Open Access).